There and it are both pronouns in English, but they serve different functions and have distinct rules for usage.
1. There:
"There" is commonly used as an introductory word to indicate the existence or presence of something.
It is often used to introduce a subject or object in a sentence, especially when the subject or object is not known or emphasized.
"There" is also used to indicate a place or location.
- There is a cat on the roof. (indicating existence)
- There are many books on the shelf. (indicating existence)
- There goes the bus. (indicating movement or direction)
- There, in the distance, is the Eiffel Tower. (indicating location)
2. It:
"It" is a pronoun used to represent a previously mentioned or easily identifiable noun in a sentence.
It can serve various functions such as referring to animals, objects, weather, time, situations, and more.
"It" can also describe a word or phrase that temporarily stands in for the subject of a sentence.
- It is raining outside.
- I found my lost book. It was under the bed.
- It is important to exercise regularly.
- It is difficult to understand quantum physics.
There can be followed by either the singular or plural form of the verb "to be."
- There is a beautiful house on the left.
- There were seals on the beach.
It can only be followed by the singular form of the verb "to be."
- It was the most amazing place in the world.