1. Present Simple:
- Used for habitual actions or general truths.
She reads books every day.
- Used for scheduled events in the future.
The train leaves at 9:00 tomorrow.
2. Present Continuous:
- Used for actions happening at the moment of speaking.
I am writing an email right now.
- Used for temporary actions or situations.
He is working on a new project this week.
- Used for future arrangements or plans.
We are having a meeting at 10 a.m. on Friday.
3. Present Perfect:
- Used for actions that started in the past and continue into the present.
I have lived in this city for ten years.
- Used for actions that have just been completed, emphasizing the result.
She has finished her homework.
4. Present Perfect Continuous:
- Used for actions that started in the past, and continue into the present.
They have been studying English for two hours.
5. Past Simple:
- Used for actions that happened at a specific point in the past.
She finished her work yesterday.
- Used for past habits or states.
He always ate breakfast at 7:00.
6. Past Continuous:
- Used for actions that were ongoing at a specific time in the past.
They were playing football when it started raining.
- Used for two actions happening simultaneously in the past.
While she was cooking, he was cleaning.
7. Past Perfect:
- Used for actions completed before a certain point in the past.
He had already left when I arrived.
8. Past Perfect Continuous:
- Used for actions that started in the past, continued up to another point in the past, and may have continued after that point.
She had been waiting for an hour before the bus finally arrived.
9. Future Simple (Will):
- Used for predictions, promises, or spontaneous decisions.
I will call you tomorrow.
- Used for offers or requests.
Will you help me with this?
10. Future Simple (Going to):
- Used for intentions, plans, or predictions based on present evidence.
They are going to visit their grandparents next weekend.
11. Future Continuous:
- Used for actions that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future.
At 8:00 tomorrow, I will be driving to work.
12. Future Perfect:
- Used for actions that will be completed before a specific point in the future.
By the time you arrive, I will have finished my work.
13. Future Perfect Continuous:
- Used for actions that will have been ongoing for a period of time before a certain point in the future.
By next month, he will have been working here for ten years.